What are design patterns and its benefits ?

Design patterns are proven solution to common problems to software design.these design patterns provide a structured way to write code so that it can be reusable, maintainable, efficient, flexible and clear.

Example:

Suppose you are cooking a dish that already has a recipe—a set of steps and a structured way to follow. You don't randomly mix ingredients; instead, you follow a well-defined process to ensure the dish turns out perfect.

Similarly, in software development, when we face common problems, we don’t reinvent the wheel. Instead, we use design patterns, which provide a structured approach to writing code and building software efficiently.

Types of Design Patterns

Design patterns are mainly divided into three categories:

1. Creational Patterns – Helps in creating objects efficiently.

   • Example: Singleton Pattern (Ensures only one object of a class exists, like a CEO in a company).

2. Structural Patterns – Helps in organizing and structuring code.

   • Example: Adapter Pattern (Works like a translator between two incompatible systems).

3. Behavioral Patterns – Helps in communication between objects.

   • Example: Observer Pattern (Like a YouTube subscription – when a new video is uploaded, all subscribers are notified).

Benefits of Design Patterns

1.Reusability – Instead of writing new solutions, use existing patterns to save time and effort.
2.Maintainability – Code becomes cleaner and easier to update.
3.Scalability – Patterns help in designing software that can grow without major changes.
4.Better Communication – Developers use design pattern names to quickly explain solutions.
5. Efficiency – Avoids common pitfalls and speeds up development.